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A few weeks ago, the OPPO Research Institute officially released its first 6G white paper – “6G AI-Cube Intelligent Networking” in Shenzhen, China. As one of the telecommunications industry’s first in-depth looks of how artificial intelligence (AI) can empower 6G network architecture, the white paper proposes a more detailed vision for the design of next-generation communication networks.
Right now, OPPO has established a pre-research team to conduct preliminary research on 6G service and technology requirements, key technologies, and system features.
OPPO’s future vision
OPPO believes that 6G will reshape the way people interact with AI like never before, allowing AI to become a truly public-serving technology that can be used by everyone. Empowered by 6G, smart devices will become important participants and users of AI, downloading and deploying AI algorithms at different application levels to create new immersive experiences while also constantly collecting data to feed more advanced AI models.
For example, in the case of autonomous vehicles, 6G networks will be able to assign the most appropriate AI algorithm and the optimal communication connection based on the location of the vehicle and the current physical environment (e.g., time of day, weather). The vehicle will be able to immediately download and run AI algorithms that have been trained by countless other vehicles and devices, allowing the vehicle to provide the safest and most comfortable journey for the passenger.
6G will revolutionize how AI works
“Technological development must be forward-looking. Mobile communication technology evolves in decade-long periods, and standardization of the next generation of communication technology is expected to begin in 2025, with commercial implementation following in around 2035,” said Henry Tang, OPPO’s Chief 5G Scientist. “Looking towards 2035, OPPO expects the number of intelligent agents in the world to far exceed the number of humans. Therefore, the next generation of communication technology, 6G, should be able to serve the needs not only of people but of all forms of intelligence and their various interactions. With this end goal in mind, we have carried out the early technical research and system design.”
Current networks can be broken down into two dimensions: the control plane (CP) and the user plane (UP). The UP is mainly responsible for the part of network performance that users can directly perceive, such as speed and latency. The CP, on the other hand, is closely related to network configuration, ensuring normal network operations under different movement patterns and location ranges of the network nodes. If we liken the UP to vehicles that are moving quickly through urban traffic, then the CP is the road traffic control.
OPPO’s 6G white paper takes an innovative step forward by introducing AI Function Plane as a new dimension in 6G networks, running perpendicular to the traditional CP and UP planes to form an Intelligent Cube (AI-Cube). This unique, AI-enhanced architecture will enhance the 6G network on two levels: network functionality and high-level networking capability to allow 6G networks to self-optimize, dynamically administrate themselves, and intelligently distribute resources.
The AI-Cube under 6G network
6G will fundamentally revolutionize how AI infers, learns, interacts, and is applied, solving many traditional problems faced in AI development, such as data silos and user privacy. To alleviate some of the current limitations of AI algorithms, the white paper proposes dividing AI resources into different domains. Arranged according to specific AI tasks, multiple nodes, and resources under the 6G network will form AI domains, providing optimal strategies for accurate AI model allocation, network resource scheduling, and data sharing.
Currently, the limited computing power and storage capacity of smart devices make it difficult for them to employ large, generalized AI algorithms. Meanwhile, the specialized AI capable of running on these devices are unable to meet the large data demands of most users. Under 6G networks, however, the AI domain will be able to take on multiple roles such as that of a traditional base station, database, AI model repository, and application server.
Under the proposed network, 6G devices will be allocated to an AI domain based on the location and requirements of the device. This AI domain will then issue the most suitable AI algorithm and task needed to deliver the desired services while providing the most optimal communication connection to carry out the relevant tasks. Unlike 4G and 5G networks, the AI used for inferring and decision making in 6G networks will be organically integrated on the device side and the network side, with the device assuming a more important role.
OPPO will continue to conduct pre-research into 6G technology that will assist in the formation of the world’s 6G standards in the near future. As a key contributor to the popularization of 5G, OPPO will also continue to work with its partners to promote the large-scale commercialization of 5G, leading the development of the Internet of Experience through the evolution of communications technology to bring its benefits to all.
Author:Content Partner
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Did you know that there is a paid subscription service that offers users an ad-free experience while streaming videos? This paid subscription was known as YouTube Red up until the year 2018 when it was renamed YouTube Premium .
YouTube Premium.
What does YouTube Premium have to offer?
With the subscription in place, there are in effects two types of YouTube, the ordinary version and the paid version. Paying to use YouTube means that you are entitled to more benefits than someone who uses YouTube without a payment.
First on the list will be the ad-free viewing . Most people hate the interruptive ads that are displayed while watching videos, some of which can be skipped while others can not just be skipped. Showing you these ads is Google’s way of earning money from your watching videos on YouTube.
YouTube.
By Google earning money from you, the company is in turn able to pay content creators on its application (those making the videos you watch available). Hence, the only way to get rid of these ads is to pay YouTube through a subscription. By subscribing to YouTube Premium, you will be served videos free of ads.
The second feature we will talk about is background play . Have you ever tried minimizing the YouTube application while watching a video and expected the video to continue playing? If yes, you will discover that you can not naturally watch videos while away from the YouTube application. But YouTube Premium makes it possible for you to still enjoy your video even when you minimize the application or turn off your phone screen.
YouTube Originals.
Third feature is YouTube Originals ! You know how certain movies and series can not be got elsewhere except from Netflix. Similarly, there are certain movies and series that can not be got elsewhere except from YouTube Originals. So YouTube Originals is a streaming service from Google, I personally loved watching certain movies from the Originals like Cobra Kai and Kedi. The movies available on YouTube Originals are not newly released movies, but we hope that soon enough YouTube will start releasing movies exclusively on Originals.
The last feature is YouTube Music , and this is where a lot of people make mistakes. December 2020 saw the replacement of Google Music application with YouTube Music application. Ever since then, YouTube Music has become the default music player application for many Android devices (especially Pixel and stock Android devices).
YouTube Music.
But what is the relationship between YouTube Music and the YouTube application? Subscription, that is the relationship between the two applications. Individually, they have different subscription plans, but I will advise that if you are considering subscribing to any, YouTube Premium is the way to go. Why? With YouTube Premium, you have access to all the extra features on YouTube and also an active subscription on YouTube Music.
YouTube Premium and Family Plan Pricing
There is of course a lot to gain with the YouTube Premium subscription, at just $11.99, €11.99, or ₦1100 per month, you get a bunch of cool extra features to your YouTube application. If the pricing is kind of high for you, then you can also consider subscribing to the Family plan, which lets 5 family members share a single subscription for ₦1700 monthly only.
All you need is your Google account, then sign in your Google account to your YouTube application in order to gain access to the available subscriptions.
Premium Lite Pricing
At the moment, Google is also testing a cheaper subscription plan. This cheaper feature gives you ad-free viewing experience, but there is no YouTube Music bundle included, no video background play, and no offline download found on the regular YouTube Premium plan. So if you do not want to see ads while watching content on YouTube but do not mind letting go of the other features, then you need to wait till this cheaper plan is launched here in Nigeria.
This cheaper plan is called YouTube Premium Lite and is already available in other European regions such as Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden. It costs €6.99/month. Hopefully, it will be released in more countries and territories.
In closing, do not forget that apart from the cost of your YouTube Premium subscription, you also pay your cellphone carrier or telecom operator for the data you use.
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Author:KittysTech
Tech analyst, Collins Eshiet, writes about technology. Follow me on Twitter @KittysTech.
